This chapter discusses and summarizes the introductions and releases of exotic invertebrate biological control agents (IBCAs; including predatory arthropod, parasitoid and phytophagous species) in Europe for the biological control of insect pests and weeds. The challenge in the future for the...

This chapter provides information on the release of natural enemies and biological control agents (which include predatory insects and parasitoids) for the management of 54 known insect pests and some unspecified aphids, scale insects, moths, coccidae and other insect targets in Europe.

This chapter introduces the contents of this review, which provides an overview of all documented releases of exotic (non-European) invertebrate biological control agents into the environment in Europe and summarizes key information on the target species as well as on the biological control agent...

This chapter describes the phytophagous insects released in Europe for the control of Ambrosia artemisiifolia (the leaf-feeding beetle Zygogramma suturalis); Reynoutria japonica var. japonica (Aphalara itadori); and Cirsium arvense (Altica carduorum).

This review provides an overview of all documented releases of exotic (non-European) invertebrate biological control agents (IBCAs) into the environment in Europe and summarizes key information on the target species as well as on the biological control agent released. It is an update of A Review of ...

This chapter presents the European insect biological control agents released in Europe for the control of Adelges piceae syn. Dreyfusia piceae (Laricobius erichsonii [L. erichsoni] and Scymnus impexus), Diaspidiotus perniciosus (Encarsia fasciata), Dociostaurus maroccanus (Cytherea obscura,...

Dyer's woad, Isatis tinctoria L. (Brassicaceae), has been cultivated since Roman times throughout Europe for the blue indigo dye extracted from its leaves and was introduced by early colonists into North America. Today, it is a declared noxious weed in ten western US states. A literature survey for ...

Perennial pepperweed (PPW), Lepidium latifolium L., is a mustard of central Asian origin that is invading natural and cultivated habitats in North America and is difficult to control with conventional means. Biological control of PPW is hampered by the fact that it is relatively uncommon in its...