This book pursues a twofold aim: (i) to assess the welfare impacts of either an organic or a Fair Trade certification system, or of both systems in combination, on smallholders in developing countries; and (ii) to examine the willingness of consumers in the developed world to pay for such certified ...

This chapter provides an overview of the organic agriculture and Fair Trade certification bodies, and discusses how organic agriculture and Fair Trade differ with respect to scope, consumer motivation, certification, microfinance institutions and price mechanisms.

This chapter introduces the main methodological tools for the conduct of research on organic agriculture and Fair Trade. Two groups of tool boxes are presented: (1) methods that are based on the tenets of welfare economics and can be categorized under the umbrella of cost-benefit analysis; and (2)...

Cases of small-scale farmers who have both organic and Fair Trade certification in Asia are analysed and summarized in this chapter. It first reviews the literature on the benefits of organic and Fair Trade production, and particularly the benefits of organic and Fair Trade coffee and cotton...

This chapter examines the impact of organic as well as a double (organic and Fair Trade) certification on material input costs, using data collected in 2012 from smallholder black pepper farmers in India. An important outcome is that, contrary to conventional expectations, organic and double...

This chapter discusses some major outcomes and suggestions derived from the case studies on consumers and producers of both Fair Trade and organic products presented in this book. The way forward is also determined by further research needs which will have to be addressed in the future.

An overview is presented of the global organic and Fairtrade market. The data highlight the size and growth of the market, the per capita consumption, and the market shares of different countries.

This chapter discusses trends in production of organic and Fairtrade certified products globally as well as in the developing continents of Africa, Asia and Latin America. Data on area, number of producers, retail sales and exports are analysed.

This chapter (i) identifies patterns of Fair Trade coffee certified producer organizations and (ii) analyses the evolution of these organizations in Fair Trade coffee. The analysis shows that there is a large diversity of Fair Trade certified producer organizations and individual members....

This chapter summarizes the results of European research on consumer preferences, buying motives, willingness to pay as well as barriers for buying organic and Fair Trade food products. It also demonstrates the implications for standard setting, certification, labelling and communication.