This chapter looks at the impact and economic costs of the COVID-19 lockdown to tourism, as well as the future of air travel, attractions and tourism to developing countries after the lockdown.

This chapter discusses the distribution of tourism demand; the travel patterns of international and domestic tourists; the distribution of supply, including consideration of chain hotels and airline networks; and institutional frameworks for tourism. Two examples are then provided of how syntheses...

This chapter discusses (i) the role of transport in delivering sustainable tourism; (ii) the implications of the ongoing growth in aviation; and (iii) how tourism can support more sustainable transport alternatives.

This chapter provides an overview of one of the most important modes of transport for tourism: aviation. It introduces important tools, such as code-sharing and yield management, and discusses regulatory frameworks and developments. It becomes clear that alliances and partnerships are important...

This book offers a comprehensive outlook of how information technology (IT) has been and should be implemented in the travel and tourism industry, the challenges associated with the implementation of information technology and the impacts generated from this implementation. The content in this...

This chapter examines how information technology (IT) is supporting the operations of airlines and airports. The airline reservation system (ARS) is at the core of most modern airline IT systems. ARSs interface with a range of decision support systems (DSS) and departure control systems (DCS) to...

Large numbers of sheep and cattle are sent around the world for either growing, slaughter or breeding by ship, and occasionally by air. The majority of air shipments are of expensive breeding animals. Transportation by ship mainly occurs to the Middle East for Halal slaughter, much associated with...

This chapter presents an overview of the early development of tourism and tour operators. It highlights the fundamental conditions for tourism demand, the early modes of transportation, the rise of air travel, the developments and expansion of tourism as ease of access improved, the patterns of...

This chapter focuses on the importance of the quality maintenance of high value fruits and vegetables during air, sea and land transport. Some factors affecting the storage life and quality of high value fruits and vegetables under controlled atmosphere storage during transport are also discussed.

This chapter concerns island travel and transport. The chapter considers air transportation in relation to islands and highlights the policies under which islands utilize travel and transport services that support tourism. Of particular consideration are the various types of transport services and...