This chapter focuses on how the policy and regulatory frameworks were established which supported the LTR programme. It also describes some of the policy and legal instruments and how they were aimed at guiding and supporting the envisaged land tenure reform. It also describes the land tenure...

This chapter examines to what extent land-use policies in South and Southeast Asia have affected not only shifting cultivation practices, but also the transition to other agricultural practices, since this is driven in part by responses to those same policies. The chapter reviews the policies in...

This chapter is an attempt to explore and understand the impacts of various state policies (including forest, agricultural, land-use and watershed development polices, and externally aided projects) on shifting cultivators in northeast India. Overall state policies, well intended in design,...

This chapter highlights the major characteristics of Mizoram state and its dominant traditional 'jhum' agriculture. Further, it discusses the policies adopted by the state pertaining to shifting cultivation (including land-use policies and watershed development programmes) and their impact. The...

This chapter examines the processes through which hill slopes customarily used by ethnic communities in Odisha for shifting cultivation were taken over by the state as forest lands or revenue wastelands through deliberate policies aimed at bringing shifting cultivation to an end. The chapter covers ...

Based on literature reviews, recent surveys and interviews with local farmers and provincial officials in Vietnam's northwest region between April and June 2012, this chapter provides an overview of shifting cultivation practices in Vietnam, the key policy interventions and their impacts on...

This chapter explores the possibilities for such policy impacts in Indonesia, following a landmark ruling by the country's Constitutional Court in May 2013, the major aspect of which was a declaration that indigenous peoples' customary forests should no longer be classed as state forest areas. The...

The Ukrainian agricultural sector has been plagued by erratic and often unfavourable government policies. Both policy uncertainty and the actual nature of policies have the effect of increasing producer risk and reducing incentives to invest and improve management and inputs in agricultural...

This chapter focuses on the land market in Ukraine by providing a detailed description of land laws. The main objective is twofold: (i) to provide a descriptive analysis of land legislation and policies in Ukraine; and (ii) to investigate how land policies impact the technical efficiency of crop...

This chapter starts with a description of the three main periods of Albania's land tenure history. From then on, the focus is on the period from the last state reform implemented in 1991 - its policy objectives, implementation in practice, and influence on agricultural growth, and on the reduction...