This chapter provides an inventory of strategic options available to cruise lines. The strategic options discussed fall under five strategy modules: business model; geographical scope; competition strategy; (main) source of income; and customer orientation.

This concluding chapter highlights the management challenges of marine wildlife tourism, and critically examines management measures such as marine protected areas (MPAs) and integrated coastal management (ICM).

This chapter presents an international overview of the human dimensions of polar bear management and research dealing strictly with polar bear tourism (PBT). Through a closer examination of existing management strategies and research on the human dimensions of PBT, the chapter attempts to provide...

This chapter addresses the differences between interpretation and education, with a focus on marine wildlife tours. It highlights the importance of interpretation on marine wildlife tours, using two case studies from Australia and New Zealand. A framework to support structured interpretation...

This chapter considers the need for a revised and more stringent approach to managing the whale- and dolphin-watching industry in view of the recent recognition of the extent of the impacts of this activity. The chapter first examines the economic value and growth of this industry, and legislation...

This chapter explores whether: (i) tourism and wildlife are compatible in the Antarctic; (ii) tourism can support and conserve Antarctic wildlife; and (iii) Antarctic wildlife can support current or increased tourism. It attempts to reveal and combine some of the known information, but also...

This chapter investigates a number of ethical issues that are bound up in the provision of marine wildlife tourism experiences, namely: the acceptability of 'consumptive' forms of marine wildlife tourism, such as marine angling; the holding of marine animals, such as dolphins, captive as the focus...

This chapter examines the theme of marine wildlife tourism management, focusing on mandates for regulation and the creation of marine protected areas. It introduces a conceptual framework for understanding how issues of marine tourism development and marine wildlife protection can be raised and...

Focusing on pinniped tourism, this chapter provides some insights into visitor attitudes and expectations and the impacts of tourism at breeding and haul-out sites. The relative significance of boat-based, land-based and swim-with activities is also explored along with current views at how pinniped ...

A summary of the state of knowledge on how human disturbance affects penguins is provided. The full spectrum of human-related disturbance and where tourism fits in are reviewed. A general framework for understanding disturbance effects is given, and challenges inherent in studying such effects are...