This chapter proceeds to argue that every national plant protection organizations (NPPO) should establish a risk management process. It illuminates the content of that process by focusing, one by one, on the responsibilities of risk managers, risk assessors, and risk communicators in such a process.

This chapter introduces the risk management model that is proposed as a template for those national plant protection organization (NPPOs) with a desire to update and improve their approach to risk management.

The pomegranate is a rustic tree that can survive in hard conditions with almost no care, but for commercial cultivation, an adequate supply of fertilizers and water, soil preparation, application of plant growth regulators and specific phytosanitary treatments, training, winter and summer pruning...

This chapter summarizes current knowledge on the effects (including physiological, biochemical and behavioral) of UVA (315-400 nm) and UVB (280-315 nm) radiation on terrestrial arthropods of economic importance. These effects result from either direct exposure of the arthropods or indirect...

This chapter examines the global benefits of international trade in plants and plant products. The problem of exponentially increasing introduction of phytosanitary pests and pathogens via the plant trade pathway is then explored to point towards phytosanitary risk management as the global...

This chapter provides a description of the risk concepts that risk managers need to understand in order to function in their jobs. It does not adhere strictly to the sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) and International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) notions of risk management. Phytosanitary risk...

This chapter provides information on why uncertainty is critically important for risk managers to understand. Though a legitimate focal point for most risk analysis communities of practice, it remains somewhat subtle in its role in phytosanitary risk management. There is an opportunity for...

This chapter presents an argument for the need for a team. It describes a traditional interaction between phytosanitary risk managers and risk assessors and follows this up with a description of an ideal set of interactions. It concludes with the qualities of a good team and a discussion of the...

This chapter links the SPS Agreement (Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures) to the phytosanitary risk management process. This begins with an overview of the SPS Agreement that is followed by a reassessment of the Agreement in a risk management context. It concludes...

This chapter presents a conceptual holistic approach to risk management. It considers risk management as part of a larger process. The chapter also presents a number of models that are useful to aid one's big-picture thinking about risk management and reviews some of the seminal phytosanitary risk...