This chapter proceeds to argue that every national plant protection organizations (NPPO) should establish a risk management process. It illuminates the content of that process by focusing, one by one, on the responsibilities of risk managers, risk assessors, and risk communicators in such a process.

This chapter introduces the risk management model that is proposed as a template for those national plant protection organization (NPPOs) with a desire to update and improve their approach to risk management.

This chapter examines the global benefits of international trade in plants and plant products. The problem of exponentially increasing introduction of phytosanitary pests and pathogens via the plant trade pathway is then explored to point towards phytosanitary risk management as the global...

This chapter provides a description of the risk concepts that risk managers need to understand in order to function in their jobs. It does not adhere strictly to the sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) and International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) notions of risk management. Phytosanitary risk...

This chapter provides information on why uncertainty is critically important for risk managers to understand. Though a legitimate focal point for most risk analysis communities of practice, it remains somewhat subtle in its role in phytosanitary risk management. There is an opportunity for...

This chapter addresses the degree of interaction between risk managers and risk assessors and some of the ways to improve the quality of phytosanitary risk analysis by increasing and improving the interactions between risk managers and risk assessors. A proposed risk management model focusing on...

This chapter describes the remainder of the generic risk management model. It includes the tasks that coincide, conceptually, with Stage 3 of the pest risk assessment/analysis process, which is consists of the work most consistently recognized as the responsibility of the risk manager. The primary...

This chapter provides an overview of enterprise risk management (ERM) and proceeds by previewing the value of ERM to organizations engaged in international trade. It then introduces and reviews 2 popular ERM frameworks, ISO 31000 Risk Management Standard and the Committee of Sponsoring...

This chapter on risk management strategies has three themes. The appropriate level of protection (ALOP) is the first theme. The discussion of risk management strategies begins with a detailed consideration of the ALOP, a unifying concept conceived in the Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement that...

This chapter examines the role of certification in phytosanitary risk management. It begins by considering why a phytosanitary certification (PC) is needed and where one finds the necessary PC information. It outlines the specific requirements for a PC system provided in Article V of the...