This chapter presents the history and background of agroforestry in Canada; and describes farms, forests, woodlots and land use changes in the region. The chapter discusses the driving forces in agroforestry, the relationship of agroforestry with wildlife and biodiversity, agroforestry systems and...

This chapter discusses some of the potential benefits and future applications of agroforestry in the USA. A brief overview of the five recognized temperate agroforestry practices in the USA is followed by specific examples for integrating production agriculture and forestry to create more...

This chapter provides an account of novel and recently established temperate agroforestry systems that are representative of current agroforestry research in Chile. The main agroforestry systems that will be addressed are the following: forest farming and silvopastoral systems in native forests,...

This chapter establishes that silvopastoral systems may be an economical, ecological and social productive alternative in Patagonia. The forestry potential for introduced fast growing species in this area and the actual policies that encourage this activity open the possibility for silvopastoral...

This chapter is a significant rewrite of the first edition, but excludes developments in the UK, which are discussed in Chapter 4. For the past two decades, agroforestry has been an active research and extension topic in Europe and is increasingly important within EU agricultural, environmental,...

Carbon sequestration is an important pathway to stabilize the environment with minimum effects of climate change. Farming systems provide a non-compensated service to society by removing atmospheric carbon generated from fossil fuel combustion, feed production, land restoration, deforestation,...

In the Alps, 15% of the mountain forests are grazed, mainly by cattle browsing young trees, thus reducing the protection function of the forests against natural hazards. In this study, the condition of young trees on subalpine wood-pastures was assessed, the selection of herbaceous species was...

The percentage of radiation transmitted through the tree layer to the understorey pasture in dehesas of west-central Spain has been modelled. To achieve that, different allometric relationships between tree ages and stem diameter (DBH), and between stem diameter and canopy size (tree height, canopy ...

It is important to determine the effect of tree cover (shade) on pasture establishment and productivity in silvopastoral systems. An experiment was carried out in Galicia to evaluate the effect of spring and autumn sowing and shading (0 and 50% reduction of incident radiation) on pasture production ...

Silvopastoral areas in Greece dominated by deciduous oaks are mainly utilized by domestic animals but irrational grazing results in their degradation. The aim of this study was to identify which are the most important indicators for assessing rangeland health. In Lagadas county, northern Greece, 17 ...