Attention to the air-pollution problem is being given by the scientific community and overall global community because of the scale of its impact on human health, the living environment and climate change. Efforts to reduce air pollution have stepped up in various parts of the world. In general,...

This chapter identifies the current knowledge gaps in relation to the potential toxicity of engineered nanomaterials to plants and highlights that a systematic approach is needed to assess the likely level of human and environmental exposure of nanomaterials from use in agriculture.

This chapter explores the pilgrimage site of Ram Janambhumi in Ayodhya (India) through a timeline that extends from before a particular conflict to after the conflict, and investigates the socio-spatial phenomena in the context of their respective social, political and economic conditions. This...

This chapter discusses endophytic classification, recognition of endophytic status in planta, complete process of plant colonization by endophytic bacteria, multifaceted benefits of endophytic bacteria, and endophytes as parasites.

This chapter summarizes some of the most common biochemical (culture-dependent) and molecular (culture-independent) methods used to study rhizospheric soil microbial communities. Although molecular methods have the benefit of obtaining information regarding non-culturable organisms, they also have...

Trichoderma is the most studied biological control agent for management of plant diseases and commercially marketed as biopesticides, biofertilizers and soil amendments in many places. Some strains of Trichoderma play a crucial role in the bioremediation of contaminated soils and can also be...

This chapter examines the nature of host perspectives that can lead to transformation of selves and 'others'. By utilizing the analytic autoethnographic approach, it seeks to explain that host experiences are as much the other side of the coin as tourist experiences, and that a better insight is...

This chapter highlights quantitative methods designed to identify and rank exotic species with potential risk to cause economic and/or environmental harm if they establish in a new area. Until now, pest risk assessments have tended to be qualitative and reactive instead of quantitative and...

This chapter focuses on the current knowledge regarding stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. tritici) resistance in wheat. The options for responding to the threat from P. graminis f. tritici races belonging to Ug99 lineage are also discussed.

This introductory chapter reviews tourism issues in host communities, and the meaning of community from some geographical and social anthropological perspectives.